Device for building ventilation

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a device for building ventilation, having heat recapturing, wherein the heat of the room air that is fed outside is recaptured, and cold outside air being fed inside can be preheated by means of the recaptured heat.

The present invention relates to a device for building ventilation having heat recapturing. In particular, the present invention relates to such a device for building ventilation with which the heat of the room air that is fed outside is recaptured, and cold outside air that will be fed inside can be preheated by means of the recaptured heat.

A regular room ventilation is imperative, since a poor ventilation may have serious consequences. Insufficient ventilation not only leads to a poor living environment, but also prevents an equilibration of the moisture content of the room air, which can lead to a musty odor and in the worst case to mold formation.

In contrast, however, good ventilation particularly leads to a considerable heat loss and thus energy loss during the cold season.

On the one hand, hot room air is conducted outside and, on the other hand, cold outside air must be heated to the desired room heat.

Rooms or buildings are usually ventilated by active aeration, windows or doors being tilted or opened. This kind of ventilation, however, increases the risk of break-ins or burglaries.

Ventilation and air-conditioning systems that are installed in buildings and that are designed as heat-recapturing systems are known, in which the heat of the spent exhaust is withdrawn via a heat exchanger system and is transferred as needed to the outside air to be heated. These heat recapturing systems can be designed as closed circuit systems, in which a heat exchanger is found in the exhaust for taking up heat from the spent exhaust, and a heat exchanger is found in the outside air for delivery of the heat recaptured from the exhaust. An enhancement of these known ventilation and air-conditioning systems is the subject of DE 10 2005 008 565 A1, which makes possible a subsequent cold recovery and, in particular, a subsequent cooling, in addition to the heat recapturing.

These known systems are usually installed in a recess of the masonry or are constructed as auxiliary or built-in equipment and joined with the building interior.

According to the invention, a ventilation system is proposed that makes possible an efficient ventilation of rooms or buildings without needing to tilt or open windows or doors.

Further, the ventilation system according to the invention makes possible a recapturing of the room air heat that is fed outside, wherein the recaptured heat can be simultaneously employed for preheating the cold outside air that is fed into the room or the building from the outside.

According to the invention, a ventilation system is thus provided for rooms or buildings, wherein the ventilation system can be integrated into a building element and the ventilation system has a heat exchanger element that has a first region having a first heat exchanger and a second region having a second heat exchanger, and the first and second heat exchangers are connected to one another via pipelines, with the formation of a heat exchanger circuit, wherein inner vent openings that connect the first region with the inside of the room, and outer vent openings that connect the first region with the outside environment are provided in the first region, the inner vent openings being disposed upstream to the outer vent openings relative to the flow direction of a heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger element, and wherein inner aeration openings that connect the second region with the inside of the room and outer aeration openings that connect the second region with the external environment are provided in the second region, the inner aeration openings being disposed downstream to the outer aeration openings relative to the flow direction of the heat transfer medium, wherein a hollow space that makes possible an air flow is provided each time at least between the first inner vent opening and the last outer vent opening as well as between the first inner aeration opening and the last outer aeration opening.

The object of the present invention provides a device for building ventilation with heat recapturing, this device being an integral component of a building element such as a window or a door, for example. And thus which can be installed together with this building element without anything further.

The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are joined together via pipelines, with the formation of a heat exchanger circuit.

The first and second heat exchangers as well as the pipelines in this case are accommodated in corresponding hollow spaces of the building element and form a circuit in the building element.

If the building element is introduced perpendicularly or obliquely in the building, the first region is preferably formed in an upper part and the second region in a lower part of the building element.

In the following, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the appended figure, which shows schematically one embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment shown in the figure, the ventilation system according to the invention is accommodated in a window casement. The figure shows the window casement from inside, that is, seen from a room, and thus represents the inside view. A window casement has a circumferential edge and a pane is installed therein. The circumferential edge is typically formed from hollow profiles in modern windows. A heat exchanger element 1 that runs around the entire circumference of the edge and forms a closed heat exchanger circuit is integrated in the edge of the window frame. Heat exchanger element 1 is hollow and filled with a heat transfer medium. The flow direction of the heat transfer medium is clockwise here and is indicated by the arrows inside heat exchanger element 1.

Heat exchanger element 1 has a first region 2 in the upper part of the edge for venting and a second region 3 disposed in the lower part of the edge for the aeration of the room or building.

The first region 2 has a first heat exchanger and the second region 3 has a second heat exchanger, which are connected via laterally running pipelines.

The ventilation system according to the invention can in principle be installed in any building element. In addition to the window casement shown in the figure, examples include window frames, door frames, door panels, a wall element or a roofing element itself. The system can be integrated into mobile as well as stationary building elements.

The ventilation system according to the invention can be excellently integrated into mobile homes, for example. In this respect, the phrase “building element” also comprises elements of mobile homes, recreational vehicles, etc.

The building element should have a sufficient hollow space in order to assure the air flow, at least in the regions in which the air flows between the inner and/or outer vent or aeration openings. For this purpose, the heat exchanger can also be configured helically, so that the air flow can occur within the spiral.

The aeration and/or vent openings may have any suitable shape. They may also be formed of an air-permeable material. Examples of suitable shapes are round or rectangular openings, slot-shaped openings, etc.

The number of inner and outer vent openings 4, 5 and/or inner or outer aeration openings 6, 7 can be selected as needed.

This number can be oriented to the length of the heat exchanger in the first and/or second region.

Preferably, the number is selected so that the region having the inner openings does not overlap with the region having the outer openings.

Inner vent openings 4, by means of which the room air is conducted out from the room into the inside of the edge, are disposed in the upper part of the edge. Outer vent openings 5, by means of which the room air is conducted out of the inside of the edge into the environment, are further provided.

The inner vent openings 4 and the outer vent openings 5 are each disposed along heat exchanger element 1, the outer vent openings 5 lying downstream to the inner vent openings 4.

The air flows around the heat exchanger in the edge counter to the flow direction of the heat exchanger medium.

In this case, the hot room air entering into the edge delivers heat to the heat transfer medium and leaves the edge via the outer vent openings 5. The heated heat exchanger medium is guided to the second region 3.

As in the first region 2, inner aeration openings 6 and outer aeration openings 7 are provided in the second region 3.

As in the first region 2, inner aeration openings 6 and outer aeration openings 7 are disposed along the heat exchanger element, the outer aeration openings 7 being found upstream to the inner aeration openings 6.

Cold outside air penetrates through the outer aeration openings 7 into the inside of the edge and flows counter to the flow direction of the heat exchanger medium to the inner aeration openings 6, where the heated outer air flows out from the edge into the room.

Due to the arrangement of vent openings 4, 5 in the upper part of the edge and the aeration openings 6, 7 in the lower part of the edge, the present invention makes use of the fact that hot air flows upward, so that in a closed room, the air usually has a higher temperature in the region of the ceiling and/or the top edge of the window than in the lower region of the window or room. This temperature difference is utilized in this arrangement.

At least the outer vent and aeration openings can be provided on the outside with a screen in order to prevent, for example, the penetration of insects, and which can optionally act as soundproofing.

The heat transfer medium can be circulated by natural convection or heat expansion.

If needed or for support, electrical pumping elements can be provided, for example. The electrical pumping elements can be operated via a power connection.

According to a preferred embodiment, the electrical pumping elements can be operated via solar cells, which can be mounted outside on the building, for example, or also on the window frame or in the region of the window frame. According to another embodiment, the drive for the pumping elements may also be produced by the air flow in the system.

According to one embodiment, one or more check valves 8, 9 may be provided. Check valves 8, 9 support the flow movement of the heat transfer medium that results due to the pressure difference associated with the heating and cooling of the heat transfer medium.

In the embodiment shown in the figure, a lower check valve 9 is provided in the heat exchanger element 1 directly in front of the entrance for the heat transfer liquid into the lower region 3, and an upper check valve 8 is provided directly in front of the entry for the heat transfer liquid into the upper region 2.

Preferably, the heat exchanger element 1 is heat-insulated, at least in the region that lies between the inner vent openings 4 and the inner aeration openings 6, in order to prevent a premature cooling of the heated heat transfer medium.

The region of heat exchanger element 1 between outer aeration openings 7 and outer vent openings 5 may also be heat-insulated.

The heat exchanger circuit may be associated with one or more solar collectors for support of the heating.

Any known fluid heat transfer medium can be used as the heat transfer medium. Examples of this are water-based substances, oil-based substances or coolants, such as are known from air-conditioning technology.

The shape of the first and second heat exchangers is not subject to any particular limitation. It should, however, have a sufficient surface in order to assure an efficient heat transfer.

The heat exchanger, for example, may be serpentine in shape or it may be formed as a spiral.

It may have surface-enlarging elements such as lamellae or pins that should be produced from a material that has good heat conductivity, for example, a metal or a metal alloy.

LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS

-   1 Heat exchanger element -   2 First region -   3 Second region -   4 Inner vent openings -   5 Outer vent openings -   6 Inner aeration openings -   7 Outer aeration openings -   8 First check valve -   9 Second check valve -   a Flow direction of the heat transfer medium -   b Flow direction of air 

1. A ventilation system for rooms or buildings, in which the ventilation system can be integrated into a building element and the ventilation system has a heat exchanger element that has a first region having a first heat exchanger and a second region having a second heat exchanger, and the first and second heat exchangers are joined together via pipelines, with the formation of a heat exchanger circuit, wherein, inner vent openings that connect the first region with the inside of the room, and outer vent openings that connect the first region with the outside environment are provided in the first region, the, inner vent openings being disposed upstream to the outer vent, openings relative to the flow direction of a heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger element, and wherein inner aeration openings that connect the second region with the inside of the room and outer aeration openings that connect the second region with the external environment are provided in the second region, the inner aeration openings being disposed downstream to, the outer aeration openings relative to the flow direction of the heat transfer medium, wherein a hollow space that makes possible an, air flow is provided each time in the building element at least between the first inner vent opening and the last outer vent opening as well as between the first inner aeration opening and the last outer aeration opening.
 2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein at least the pipeline that is found upstream to the first heat exchanger is heat-insulated.
 3. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein a check valve is provided downstream to the second heat exchanger and/or a second check valve is provided downstream to the first heat exchanger.
 4. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the vent openings and/or the aeration openings can be closed.
 5. The ventilation system according to claim 1, Wherein pumping elements are provided for supporting the circulation of the heat transfer medium.
 6. The ventilation system according to claim 5, wherein the pumping elements are electrical pumping elements.
 7. The ventilation system according to claim 6, wherein the electrical pumping elements are driven by means of solar cells.
 8. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the building element is a window casement, a window frame, a door panel, a door frame, or a wall or roofing element.
 9. The ventilation system according to wherein the first region is accommodated in the upper part and the second region in the lower part of the building element.
 10. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein at least the outer vent openings and the outer aeration openings are closed toward the outside by means of a screen.
 11. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein at least the pipeline that is found upstream to the first heat exchanger is heat-insulated, and a check valve is provided downstream to the second heat exchanger and/or a second check valve is provided downstream to the first heat exchanger.
 12. The ventilation system according to claim 11, wherein the vent openings and/or the aeration openings can be closed.
 13. The ventilation system according to claim 12, wherein pumping elements are provided for supporting the circulation of the heat transfer medium.
 14. The ventilation system according to claim 11, wherein pumping elements are provided for supporting the circulation of the heat transfer medium.
 15. The ventilation system according to claim 13, wherein the pumping elements are electrical pumping elements.
 16. The ventilation system according to claim 14, wherein the pumping elements, are electrical pumping elements.
 17. The ventilation system according to claim 16, wherein the electrical pumping elements are driven by means of solar cells.
 18. The ventilation system according to claim 17, wherein the building element is a window casement, a window frame, a door panel, a door frame, or a wall or roofing element.
 19. The ventilation system according to claim 18, wherein the first region is accommodated in the upper part and the second region in the lower part of the building element.
 20. The ventilation system according to claim 19, wherein at least the outer vent openings and the outer aeration openings are closed toward the outside by means of a screen. 